Ünite 3: Evim ve Ailem
My Home and Family · A1
İyelik ekleri ve ad tamlamaları (belirtili/belirtisiz, zincirleme).
Sevdiklerim
İyelik Ekleri — "-(i)m/-(i)n/-(s)i/-(i)miz/-(i)niz/-leri"
Possessive suffixes
The possessive suffix shows who something belongs to (it carries the same meaning as "benim", "senin"... but is usually used without them too). It follows 4-way vowel harmony. On vowel-final words, the 1st/2nd singular and plural suffixes attach directly (no glide); the 3rd person inserts an "s" glide. On consonant-final words, some roots' final consonant softens (çocuk → çocuğu).
| Kişi | Ek | Örnek (arkadaş / anne) |
|---|---|---|
| benim | -(i)m | arkadaşım, annem |
| senin | -(i)n | arkadaşın, annen |
| onun | -(s)i | arkadaşı, annesi |
| bizim | -(i)miz | arkadaşımız, annemiz |
| sizin | -(i)niz | arkadaşınız, anneniz |
| onların | -leri / -(s)i | arkadaşları, anneleri |
Yaşadığım Yer
Ad Tamlaması — Belirtisiz (Genel İlişki)
Indefinite noun compound (generic relationship)
In an indefinite compound, the first noun takes no suffix; only the second noun takes the 3rd person possessive suffix (-(s)i). This expresses a generic/indefinite relationship — "a Y of the X kind", not one specific X's Y.
| Tamlama | Anlam |
|---|---|
| çocuk odası | a child's room / children's room (generic) |
| okul kapısı | a school door |
| mutfak masası | a kitchen table |
Ad Tamlaması — Belirtili (Belirli Sahiplik)
Definite noun compound (specific possessor)
In a definite compound, the first noun takes the genitive suffix (-(n)In), and the second noun still takes the 3rd person possessive suffix. This expresses a specific, known possessor — "that particular X's Y".
| Tamlama | Anlam |
|---|---|
| çocuğun odası | the (specific) child's room |
| okulun kapısı | the school's door |
| annemin arabası | my mother's car |
Şehirden Şehire
Zincirleme Ad Tamlaması
Chained noun compound
When three (or more) nouns are chained together, only the first takes the genitive and only the last takes the possessive suffix; everything in between stays unmarked. It can be thought of as a definite and an indefinite compound fused into one chain.
| Zincir | Anlam |
|---|---|
| okulun bahçe kapısı | the school's garden gate |
| evin mutfak masası | the house's kitchen table |
| annemin ev anahtarı | my mother's house key |