Ünite 6: Resmi İşler
Official Matters · A1
Belirtme hali (-(y)ı/-(y)i/-(y)u/-(y)ü), resmi şimdiki zaman (-makta/-mekte), ilgi eki -ki, bağlaç de/da.
Dairede
Belirtme Hali — "-(y)ı/-(y)i/-(y)u/-(y)ü" (Belirli Nesne)
Accusative case: marking a definite direct object
This is the same accusative suffix you've used since Unit 1 (kitabı, arabayı) — the focus here is WHEN to use it. A definite/known object ("that document", "your signature") takes the accusative; an indefinite/generic object ("a document", "any signature") doesn't: that's the difference between "Belge istiyorum" (some document) and "Belgeyi istiyorum" (that specific document).
| CümleSentence | AnlamMeaning | Neden?Why? |
|---|---|---|
| Bir form dolduruyorum. | I'm filling out a form. | indefinite object — no suffix |
| Formu dolduruyorum. | I'm filling out the form. | definite object — -u suffix |
| Belgenizi teslim ediniz. | Submit your document. | definite object ("belgeniz" = your document) — -i suffix |
Bir Sorunumuz Var
Resmi Şimdiki Zaman — "-mAktA"
Formal-register present continuous
"-mEktE" is the present continuous suffix used in formal writing, announcements, and news instead of "-Iyor" — same meaning, different register. Because it starts with a consonant, there's no root softening or buffer letter; just 2-way vowel harmony (makta/mekte). The personal endings are the same family as "-Iyor" uses, based on the resulting stem's own last vowel.
| Günlük (-Iyor)Everyday | Resmi (-mEktE)Formal | AnlamMeaning |
|---|---|---|
| çalışıyorum | çalışmaktayım | I am working |
| geliyorsunuz | gelmektesiniz | you are coming |
| bekliyor | beklemekte | he/she is waiting |
Çözüm Arayışı
İlgi Eki — "-ki" (Çoğunlukla Değişmez)
The relative suffix "-ki" (mostly invariant)
"-ki" turns a place/time expression into an adjective ("masadaki kitap" = the book on the table). Unlike almost every other Turkish suffix, "-ki" barely follows vowel harmony at all — it stays "-ki" (bendeki, yarınki). Only a small set of fixed time words become "-kü": dün (yesterday) → dünkü, bugün (today) → bugünkü.
| TabanBase | -ki Hali-ki form | AnlamMeaning |
|---|---|---|
| masada (on the table) | masadaki | the one on the table |
| bende (with me) | bendeki | the one I have |
| yarın (tomorrow) | yarınki | tomorrow's |
| dün (yesterday, exception) | dünkü | yesterday's |
Bağlaç "de/da" ("da") — Ayrı Yazılır, Sertleşmez
The conjunction "de/da" ("also/too") — a separate word, never hardens
The "de/da" conjunction must not be confused with the "-DA" locative case suffix: the locative is written attached to the word and hardens after a voiceless consonant (sınıfta); the conjunction is ALWAYS written separately and NEVER hardens (kitap da — never "kitap ta"). It only follows 2-way vowel harmony.
| CümleSentence | AnlamMeaning |
|---|---|
| Kitap da masada. | The book too is on the table. (conjunction — doesn't harden) |
| Sınıfta kalabalık. | It's crowded in the classroom. (locative — hardens) |
| Ben de yardım istiyorum. | I want help too. |