Ünite 7: Açık Havada
Outdoors · A2
Eşitlik eki (-ca/-ce/-ça/-çe), görelik (-(y)a/-(y)e göre "according to"), doğa ve kamp sözcükleri.
Doğaya Çıkıyoruz
Eşitlik Eki — "-ca/-ce/-ça/-çe"
The equative suffix "-ca/-ce/-ça/-çe"
The equative suffix attaches to a noun or adjective and creates an adverb or a language name meaning "like...", "as...", "in terms of..." (Türkçe "Turkish", yavaşça "slowly", bence "in my opinion"). Because it starts with a consonant, there's no root softening and no buffer letter — it only follows 2-way vowel harmony (-ca/-ce). If the root's final sound is in the FISTIKÇI ŞAHAP set (f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p), the suffix's own "c" hardens to "ç": Türk+çe, Rus+ça, Arap+ça — but İngiliz+ce, Alman+ca (z and n aren't in that set, so no hardening).
| Taban | Eşitlik Hali | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| Türk (k — sertleşir) | Türkçe | Turkish (language) |
| Rus (s — sertleşir) | Rusça | Russian (language) |
| İngiliz (z — sertleşmez) | İngilizce | English (language) |
| ben | bence | in my opinion |
| yavaş (ş — sertleşir) | yavaşça | slowly |
| kısa | kısaca | briefly |
Hava Nasıl?
Görelik — "-(y)a/-(y)e göre" ("...e göre")
"According to..." — "-(y)a/-(y)e göre"
"göre" is a postposition that requires the preceding noun to take the DATIVE case (-(y)a/-(y)e): "hava durumuna göre" (according to the weather forecast), "rehbere göre" (according to the guide). "göre" is always written as its own separate word, never attached to the noun. NOTE: the pronouns "ben/sen/o" have an IRREGULAR dative (bana, sana, ona — not "bene/sene/one"), so "bana göre", "sana göre", "ona göre" should be learned as fixed phrases.
| Ad + Yönelme Hali | + göre | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| hava durumu + na | hava durumuna göre | according to the forecast |
| uzman + a | uzmana göre | according to the expert |
| harita + ya | haritaya göre | according to the map |
| ben (düzensiz) | bana göre | according to me / in my view |
| o (düzensiz) | ona göre | according to him/her |
Çevre Bilinci
"göre" ve "-ce" Bir Arada — Görüş Bildirme
"göre" and "-ce" together — expressing opinions
Turkish has two common ways to express an opinion: "bence" (ben + the equative suffix, shorter and more colloquial) and "bana göre" (dative + göre, slightly more formal/explicit). Both mean "in my opinion". The same "göre" structure works for other people too: "ona göre" (according to him/her), "uzmanlara göre" (according to the experts), "bilim insanlarına göre" (according to scientists) — very common for attributing an opinion in news or discussion.
| İfade | Anlam | Kayıt |
|---|---|---|
| Bence bu manzara güzel. | In my opinion, this view is beautiful. | günlük, kısa (-ce) |
| Bana göre bu manzara güzel. | According to me, this view is beautiful. | biraz daha açık (göre) |
| Uzmanlara göre bu bitki zehirli. | According to the experts, this plant is poisonous. | üçüncü şahıs görüşü aktarma |